نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران
2 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
One of the most effective methods for identifying water leakage paths from dams is the application of tracing techniques, particularly the use of fluorescent dyes¹. During the initial impoundment of the Zemkan Dam, located in Kermanshah Province, signs of leakage were observed from the bay area on the left abutment of the reservoir. Additionally, new springs appeared downstream of the dam, and existing springs in the area showed increased discharge. The total leakage discharge from the dam at elevation 1527 meters (the maximum impoundment level) was approximately 270 liters per second.
In order to identify the leakage paths and water escape routes, as well as to determine the flow characteristics (diffuse or conduit flow) and the extent of karst development, a tracer test was conducted in the specified bay area. In this operation, the fluorescent dye Uranine was used. The tracer was detected in several boreholes (T1, T2, T3, and T5), in downstream springs (Leakage Springs 1 to 18 on the left bank, and seven springs on the right bank of the river), and in the Nazari Spring. The velocity of the tracer indicated conduit (non-developed) flow in this region.
To prevent water leakage from the mentioned area, two options were proposed. The first option involves constructing a grout curtain inside a gallery approximately 300 meters long, extending from the end of the existing curtain to the Kashkan Formation, which serves as an impermeable foundation on the left abutment. The second option includes grout injection from the ground surface to construct a grout curtain along the bay on the right abutment.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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