Document Type : Research paper
Authors
1
Faculty of Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj branch
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
3
Master's student, Department of Water Engineering, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
10.22034/hydro.2024.57118.1298
Abstract
Accurate calculation of the underground water balance is a crucial step in achieving sustainable management of water resources. This research aims to investigate the underground water balance of Karand Plain, located in Kermanshah province, and to determine representative wells using quantitative and qualitative networks. To accomplish this, the main characteristics of exploitation wells were considered, encompassing the type of aquifer, type of alluvium, well depth, water surface depth, consumption type, amount of irrigation, and operational hours. These parameters were utilized to correctly identify representative wells within the statistical period (1995-2016). Following the determination of well characteristics, well grouping was performed based on the hierarchical analysis method. Subsequently, the quantitative measurement network of Karand Plain was established. To validate the measurement network, the water balance of Karand Plain was calculated and compared using existing wells and representative wells. Additionally, the quality of the network was assessed and monitored using qualitative parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and chlorine. Data from 46 exploitation wells, drilled by the regional water company of Kermanshah province in 2007, were utilized to achieve the research objectives. The results of the balance calculation based on the network of 12 representative wells and the balance obtained for all wells in the Karand aquifer were -0.22 and -0.55 million cubic meters, respectively. The difference between these two balances, 0.33 million cubic meters, is not very significant compared to the entire plain, indicating the correct selection of representative wells in the Karand plain. Finally, the evaluation of the new network with parameters such as electrical conductivity, acidity, and sodium absorption ratio demonstrated that the proper distribution of selected wells can be valuable as a qualitative network
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