Hydrogeochemical processes and dissolved gases chemistry at the Gariz aquifer, Southwest of Yazd Province

Document Type : Research paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. in Hydrogeology, Department of Minerals and Groundwater Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Minerals and Groundwater Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant professor, Department of Minerals and Groundwater Resources, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22034/hydro.2022.46625.1238

Abstract

The leakage of natural gases mainly carbon dioxide into the Gariz aquifer has increased the concentration of dissolved gases and decreased groundwater quality. Therefore, the water supply of the residents of this region in various needs such as agriculture, drink, domestic, and industry, has faced some problems. Groundwater wells have been sampled to evaluate the hydrogeochemical processes of gaseous aquifers and determine the nature of dissolved gases during two-stage in July and September of 2019. Laboratory analysis includes the concentration of major anions and cations and, the dissolved gases in groundwater samples, and some physicochemical properties of water have been measured directly in the field. On the basis of the chemistry of major ions, most of the samples have classified as calcium-bicarbonate (Ca-HCO3), sodium-chloride (Na-Cl), and calcium-chloride (Ca-Cl) types, although other mixing types are also recognized. The most significant processes that affect the chemical composition of the groundwater of the Gariz aquifer are water-rock interaction, leakage of CO2-rich fluids, infiltration of saline water through faults and fractures, and silicate dissolution. Bicarbonate ion has increased in the groundwater samples due to the interaction of CO2-rich fluids with groundwater aquifer. The dissolved gases composition also indicates that CO2 is the dominant gas phase in most samples, with up to 2100 times higher than atmospheric values. High concentrations of dissolved CO2 of more than 730 cubic centimeters per liter indicate the infiltration of CO2-rich fluids with deep origin into the aquifer. The ratio of dissolved O2/N2 in the aquifer is lower than air-saturated water (ASW), therefore geochemical processes responsible for dissolved oxygen consumption during redox reactions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

امیری، م.، اسدیان، ق.، مروت امیری، ع.، 1388. علل گازدار شدن چاه‌های آب کشاورزی در دشت‌های شمالی استان همدان و خورندگی تجهیزات آن‌ها. پژوهش آب ایران، 3(4): 51-62.
براتی، م.، 1392. بررسی منشأ گاز در چاه‌های آب دشت بهار، شمال همدان (یادداشت فنی). تحقیقات منابع آب ایران، 9(3): 99-102.
دلخواهی، ب.، ناصری، ح.ر.، علیجانی، ف.، 1398الف. تأثیر نشت گاز دی‌اکسید کربن بر نوسان غیرعادی سطح آب زیرزمینی در آبخوان‌های شمال استان همدان. تحقیقات منابع آب ایران، 15(4): 366-380.
دلخواهی، ب.، ناصری، ح.م.، نخعی، م.، علیجانی، ف.، 1398ب. تأثیر نشت گاز دی‌اکسید کربن بر تحرک پذیری عناصر نادر در آبخوان‌های آبرفتی بخش شمالی استان همدان. هیدروژئولوژی، 4(2): 1-17.
شرکت آب منطقه‌ای یزد.، 1372. مطالعات آب‌های زیرزمینی زیر حوضه علی‌آباد ارنان، 188 ص.
علوی، س.غ.، ناصری، ح.، جمادی، م.، پرخیال، س.، 1398. هیدروژئوشیمی سیالات گرمابی مخازن ژئوترمال غرب سبلان- شمال‌غرب ایران. هیدروژئولوژی، 4(1): 80-96.
علیمرادی، ص.، ناصری، ح.م.، علیجانی، ف.، کریمی، ح.، 1399. تعیین منشا و سازوکارهای تشکیل چشمه‌های گوگردی و آبگرم تاقدیس سیاهکوه، جنوب غرب ایران، با استفاده از خصوصیات هیدروژئوشیمی و ایزوتوپی. هیدروژئولوژی، 5(2)، 16-31.
ناصری، ح.ر.، راعی، م.، 1392. ماهیت و منشاء گازهای موجود در آبخوان گاریز (یزد، ایران). هفدهمین همایش انجمن زمین‌شناسی ایران، 7 الی 9 آبان ماه، تهران، ایران، 264-271.
Ague, J.J., Nicolescu, S., 2014. Carbon dioxide released from subduction zones by fluid-mediated reactions. Nature Geoscience, 7(5): 355-360.
Barnes, I., Irwin, W.P., White, D.E., 1978. Global distribution of carbon dioxide discharges, and major zones of seismicity. US Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 78(39).
Chaichi, Z., Haddadan, M., 2008. Geological Map of NIR, Scale: 1/100,000. Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran.
Caliro, S., Chiodini, G., Avino, R., Cardellini, C., Frondini, F., 2005. Volcanic degassing at Somma–Vesuvio (Italy) inferred by chemical and isotopic signatures of groundwater. Applied Geochemistry, 20(6): 1060-1076.
Capasso, G., D'Alessandro, W., Favara, R., Inguaggiato, S., Parello, F., 2001. Interaction between the deep fluids and the shallow groundwaters on Vulcano Island (Italy). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 108(1-4): 187-198.
Capasso, G., Inguaggiato, S., 1998. A simple method for the determination of dissolved gases in natural waters. An application to thermal waters from Vulcano Island. Applied Geochemistry, 13(5): 631-642.
Caracausi, A., Sulli, A., 2019. Outgassing of mantle volatiles in compressional tectonic regime away from volcanism: the role of continental delamination. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 20(4): 2007-2020.
Chen, S., Tang, Z., Wang, J., Wu, J., Yang, C., Kang, W., Huang, X., 2020. Multivariate Analysis and Geochemical Signatures of Shallow Groundwater in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing, Southwestern China. Water, 12(10): 2833.
D'Alessandro, W., De Gregorio, S., Dongarrà, G., Gurrieri, S., Parello, F., Parisi, B., 1997. Chemical and isotopic characterization of the gases of Mount Etna (Italy). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 78(1-2): 65-76.
Delkhahi, B., Nassery, H.R., Vilarrasa, V., Alijani, F., Ayora, C., 2020. Impacts of natural CO2 leakage on groundwater chemistry of aquifers from the Hamadan Province, Iran. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 96, 103001.
Federico, C., Aiuppa, A., Allard, P., Bellomo, S., Jean-Baptiste, P., Parello, F., Valenza, M., 2002. Magma-derived gas influx and water-rock interactions in the volcanic aquifer of Mt. Vesuvius, Italy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66(6): 963-981.
Fourré, E., Di Napoli, R., Aiuppa, A., Parello, F., Gaubi, E., Jean-Baptiste, P., Allard, P., Calabrese, S., Mamou, A.B., 2011. Regional variations in the chemical and helium–carbon isotope composition of geothermal fluids across Tunisia. Chemical geology, 288(1-2): 67-85.
Gaillardet, J., Dupré, B., Louvat, P., Allegre, C., 1999. Global silicate weathering and CO2 consumption rates deduced from the chemistry of large rivers. Chemical geology, 159(1-4): 3-30.
Ghomashi, A., Haddadan, M., 2008. Geological Map of DEHSHIR, Scale: 1/100,000. Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran.
Grassa, F., Capasso, G., Favara, R., Inguaggiato, S., 2006. Chemical and isotopic composition of waters and dissolved gases in some thermal springs of Sicily and adjacent volcanic islands, Italy. Pure and applied geophysics, 163(4): 781-807.
Inguaggiato, S., Martin-Del Pozzo, A., Aguayo, A., Capasso, G., Favara, R., 2005. Isotopic, chemical and dissolved gas constraints on spring water from Popocatepetl volcano (Mexico): evidence of gas–water interaction between magmatic component and shallow fluids. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 141(1-2): 91-108.
Irwin, W.P., Barnes, I., 1980. Tectonic relations of carbon dioxide discharges and earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 85(B6): 3115-3121.
Liu, J., Gao, Z., Wang, Z., Xu, X., Su, Q., Wang, S., Qu, W., Xing, T., 2020. Hydrogeochemical processes and suitability assessment of groundwater in the Jiaodong Peninsula, China. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 192(6): 1-17.
Meybeck, M., 1987. Global chemical weathering of surficial rocks estimated from river dissolved loads. American journal of science, 287(5): 401-428.
Mörner, N. A., Etiope, G., 2002. Carbon degassing from the lithosphere. Global and Planetary Change, 33: 185-203.
Muñoz-Montecinos, J., Angiboust, S., Garcia-Casco, A., Glodny, J., Bebout, G., 2021. Episodic hydrofracturing and large-scale flushing along deep subduction interfaces: Implications for fluid transfer and carbon recycling (Zagros Orogen, southeastern Iran). Chemical Geology 571: 120173.
Nassery, H.R., Raei, M., 2013. Nature and source of gas specious in gariz aquifer (Yazd, Iran), 2nd International Conference on Hydrology and Groundwater Expo, DoubleTree by Hilton, Raleigh, NC, USA, p. 54.
Norouzi, H., Moghaddam, A.A. 2021. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability using genetic algorithm and random forest methods (case study: Miandoab plain, NW of Iran. Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28: 39598–39613
Parkhurst, D.L., Appelo, C., 1999. User's guide to PHREEQC (Version 2): A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations. Water-resources investigations report, 99(4259), 312.
Hydrogeology
Volume 7, Issue 2
Publisher
February 2023
Pages 1-14

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics